Everything consulted so far, and everything identified as needing to be consulted. The second list is still the longer of the two, and that is the point of publishing it.
Generated from data/sources-consulted.tsv, so this table cannot fall behind the work. It did once: it sat unchanged from 10 to 13 September 2026 while three days of reading went unrecorded, under a heading claiming to list everything. 102 of these are PRIMARY — a document image opened and read here; the rest are indexes, user-built trees, published accounts and background.
93 of the 176 say where they are; 83 do not. That is the largest such gap in this estate, and it is on this page rather than in a report so that it shrinks.
The tier column holds two facts in one string. Three tiers, and twenty-six distinct values, because a qualifier is concatenated onto the tier with a dash. The tier groups these rows and the qualifier is shown beside each; 2 rows name two tiers at once and are kept together rather than split. The data file is unchanged — separating the column belongs in data/sources-consulted.tsv.
THE PARENTS OF PABLO ARMANDO LERENA: Juan Carlos Lerena and Maria Lerena. Also his conscript class (1882), his birthplace as stated to the army (Rosario de Santa Fe), and the enrolling office (Capetown)
The three-year sweep, every letter 1881-83; then the whole L and Ll sections read end to end, 1879-1901. No Pablo Armando.
The L section for 148 years. ONE Lerena in the whole of it - Libro 15 folio 229, act 1541 of 1866.
The act itself, opened and read: the parents are "naturales del E. Oriental" - URUGUAYAN. The one Lerena baptism in Rosario before 1879 is not a Rosario family.
The register ITSELF read act by act, acts 113-862: 750 baptisms, February to 22 July 1882, every margin. Index and register agree everywhere, so the 1945 typescript can be trusted.
The death index opened for the first time. Both surviving L sections are empty, and the 1840-1881 sequence has no L section at all - the book runs A to F and stops mid-alphabet.
No Lerena marriage at Rosario 1867-1885, read again at full resolution. All of 1884 read act by act. Where the Lavena candidate came from.
THE MONTEVIDEO HOUSEHOLD OPENED: the marriage of Luis Lerena Lenguas and Julia Juanico, 19 December 1864.
Julia Juanico's death, 11 July 1910, a WIDOW - which dates Luis Eugenio's death to between 1880 and July 1910. Five children named; Juan Carlos is not among them.
Juan Carlos Gonzalez Lerena, dispensed from the three canonical banns on 8 November 1922. Born 1899. NOT OURS - the register was read rather than assumed.
Sancho moved out of the family tree and into the records. Birthplace "Andaluzia"; six records spell him Llerena, Lerena, Sancio and Lorena, with the same wife Maria Fernandez throughout.
LERENA Ar 701 / Uy 4,517 against LLERENA Ar 3,415 / Uy 947, with Fernandez and Bustamante as controls, both running Argentina-heavy. Lerena is the only one that reverses. Also established that Santa Fe is NOT in the full-text corpus, while Montevideo and Buenos Aires are.
Bartolome Llerena in Rosario in 1869, image 86; no Lerena in Santa Fe in 1895
A SEVENTH CHILD, and four grandparents in one act. Candido Jaime, baptised 6 July 1886, "hijo legitimo de Don Luis Lerena Lenguas y de Dona Julia Juanico, orientales". Names the paternal grandparents Don Luis and Dona Justiniana Lenguas and the maternal Don Candido and Dona Juliana Gonzalez - which CLOSES the question of who Candido Juanico's wife was. Godparents: the baby's own eldest sister Maria and the man she married in this parish four months later.
THE DEATH OF LUIS EUGENIO LERENA LENGUAS, closing a question this archive held open all day. Image read. Died at calle Suarez 25, el Paso del Molino, aged 56, "de profesion HACENDADO", of pulmonary tuberculosis; his mother Justiniana Lenguas alive at 79 in the same house. Found only by searching the MOTHER's name - FamilySearch indexes him as Luis SERENA Lenguas.
The act-by-act read carried six acts further, to 756 consecutive baptisms. Francisco Dapple, Justino Flores, Juan Seguiroma, Inocencio Diez, Miguel Abasto, Juan Agustin Cortes. No Lerena. Paused with an exact resume point and a method note: each image carries its own ark and the film's ark list is not exposed to a script, so every opening costs two round trips before it can be read.
SIX LORENAS READ AT THEIR OWN SCHEDULE, and set down. All six are one household. The head, Agustin Lorena, 40, is a tinsmith of LIMA - the provincia column blank because he is not Argentine - with five Cordoba-born children. The clerk wrote LORENA with an O and a single L. Two of the children were flagged as the right age to be a parent in 1882; they are a Peruvian tinsmith's family and not this one.
Four more openings read act by act, carrying the read to 780 consecutive baptisms. Avena, Martini, Rodriguez, Acosta, Coppes, Coman, Fernandez, Duarte, Pero, Amaral, Nunez, Cassavola, Ledda, Blasi, Lopez, Lentini, Toledo, Ruiz, Rosas, Flores, Rabellino, Ramosfe, Gallego. No Lerena anywhere.
THE ACT THAT MAKES GILBERTO A BROTHER, ON A DOCUMENT. His daughter Maria Angelica Julia, "hija legitima de Don Gilberto Lerena y de Dona Julia Salvanach, orientales", with paternal grandparents "Don LUIS y Dona JUSTINIANA LENGUAS" - the same couple named as Luis Eugenio's parents. AND THE GODMOTHER IS DONA JULIA JUANICO DE LERENA, Luis Eugenio's own wife. Same priest, Martin Perez, as act 1720.
Jose Julio's birth, declared by HIS OWN MOTHER at 64, a widow. It independently confirms Luis Eugenio's death on 24 December 1901 from a different document - and places JUSTINIANA LENGUAS, AT EIGHTY-SEVEN, RESIDENT IN THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.
Julia Juanico's own baptism, image read: born 23 November 1842, "hija legitima de D. Candido Juanico y D. Juliana Joaquina Gonzalez". And act 404 immediately above it baptises ENRIQUE JUANICO, born 18 May 1841, a BROTHER - christened the same day. A name trap: Julia's godfather is also a D. Enrique Juanico, and a boy of two cannot stand godfather.
LUIS EUGENIO'S OWN BAPTISM, and the generation above it. Born 9 February 1845 - this entry said "9 February 1843" for six days after that reading was retracted; "hijo legitimo de Luis Lerena y Justiniana Lenguas, orientales. Paternos: Francisco y Maria Fernandez. Maternos: Pedro y Carmen Gonzalez." His sister's act calls the maternal grandfather "el GENERAL D. Pedro Lenguas". A sixth sibling found: ALEJANDRO. These are later transcripts from a legajo, which matters - see the 1850 act.
THE ACT THAT PUTS SANCHO ON A DOCUMENT. Alberto Octavio Lerena, born 22 March 1850, "hijo legitimo de D. Luis Lerena y Dona Justiniana Lenguas, naturales de Montevideo. PATERNOS: D. SANCHO y Dona MARIA FERNANDEZ." Opened specifically to resolve a conflict with the 1846 transcripts, which name the paternal grandfather FRANCISCO. The original beats the copy.
Six more acts read act by act: Pedro Toledo, Miguel Dolmas, Rosa Perez, Maria Candelaria, Alejandro Orellana, Arturo Ferrari. No Lerena. 786 consecutive baptisms now read.
THE DEATH REGISTERS STARTED. 658 images, unrestricted; the leader card reads 1091422, matching the catalogue. First opening read: five acts, 26 May to 18 June 1841 - Juan Fernandez, Luisa Candelaria Bravo, Victoria Medina, Ynnocencia Villa Real, Maria Zumbero. No Lerena. The margin-name method works here exactly as on the baptisms. On the order of six thousand acts for 1841-1860 alone: STARTED, not finished.
THE SECOND WITNESS TO GILBERTO'S PARENTAGE, and from a different parish. "Hijo legitimo de Gilberto Lerena y Julia Salvanach, orientales: abuelos paternos LUIS y JUSTINIANA LENGUAS" - identical to act 1447 of 1886 but in another year, another church and another hand. Godmother a JOSEFA LERENA otherwise unknown here.
CORRECTS THIS ARCHIVE TWICE. The record is an informacion matrimonial, not the "Retiro baptism" the register called it; and the father read as "ALBERTO (almost certainly GILBERTO)" is written GILBERTO plainly. Carlos Lerena, 30, of Pueyrredon 1750, "bautizado en la Iglesia de el CORDON, Dep. de Montevideo" - naming a third Montevideo parish for this family - marrying Rosa Maria Eppens.
PUTS THE SISTERS FINDING ON AN IMAGE, AND ADDS TWO GENERATIONS. "Hija de D. Pedro Lenguas y de Dona Carmen Gonzalez, finados; sus abuelos paternos D. ANTONIO LENGUAS y Dona JUANA GRANDAL; maternos D. PASCUAL GONZALEZ y Dona JOSEFA GRANDAL." Her husband recorded as "D. Candido Juanico, Oriental, edad 72 anos, viudo, ABOGADO".
OPENED FOR THE FIRST TIME. Listed as untried since this archive's first week and without a film number until 13 September. The confirmations of 26 March 1890 at Rosario are a numbered list naming each child's PARENTS - and Pablo Armando, born February 1882, is squarely inside the age range of six to fifteen. First page read: eleven entries, no Lerena, and every one of them a girl, which suggests the confirmations were taken sex by sex and that a boy of eight is in a separate run of pages.
Acts of 22 July to 14 August 1841 read: Pedro Pablo, Jose Santiago, Matias Lopez, Fermin Sosa, Ambrosia Garcia, Felicia Dias, Ana Maria Leguisamon, Gregorio Paez, Eleuterio Morales. No Lerena. TWO THINGS THAT CHANGE THE ESTIMATE: the film carries a "POOR COPY - WHOLE VOLUME" target card, which is FamilySearch's own warning on the filming of the entire volume; and it contains RE-SHOTS, so 658 images is not 658 openings.
Bernal, Parodi, Cavarozzi, Lopez, Rodriguez, Echague. No Lerena. 792 consecutive baptisms now read act by act.
Entries 45-88, 133-177 and 222-243 of the 26 March 1890 sitting, and the opening of a SECOND 1890 sitting in June-July. No Lerena. The first page's apparent all-girls pattern turned out to be an artefact of eleven rows: boys are mixed straight in. Ages run from two to fourteen in one sitting, so nobody can be ruled in or out by age.
THE GENERATION ABOVE THE TRUNK, MARRYING - reached by searching the surname LENGUAS in ARGENTINA, which nobody had tried. Luis Lerena, 30, of Montevideo, "hijo legitimo de D. SANCHO y Dona Maria Fernandez" - Sancho for the third time and the earliest - and "desposé en SEGUNDAS NUPCIAS ... VIUDO de Dona CAROLINA", so he had a first wife nobody here knew of. Justiniana, 20, "hija legitima del Sr. GRAL. Lenguas y Dona Carmen Gonzalez". FamilySearch indexes the rank as a forename, "Geraldo Dios Lenguas".
THE FIRST MARRIAGE, found within an hour of learning there had been one. On the stamped paper of 1836 and signed by Luis Lerena in his own hand: "hijo legitimo de D. SANCHO LERENA y de Dona MARIA FERNANDEZ ... tiene concertado matrimonio con Dona CAROLINA OLIVA". Sancho's earliest and plainest attestation - a fourth record - closing the doubt raised by two 1846 transcripts. FamilySearch files it under a Colombian collection by mistake.
THE PRESIDENT OF URUGUAY STOOD GODFATHER TO SANCHO LLERENA'S GRANDSON. "Fueron padrinos Don FRUCTUOSO RIVERA, PRESIDENTE DE LA REPUBLICA, y su esposa Dona Bernardina Fragoso." The act also produces JUSTA PASTORA LERENA, "natural de Canelones" - a DAUGHTER of Sancho and a SISTER of Don Luis, unknown to this archive - and names Sancho and Maria Fernandez as maternal grandparents. Found through FULL-TEXT, which reads the handwriting; no search on LERENA would have returned it.
SANCHO LLERENA IN PERSON, under oath. "Presento por testigo en esta Vicaria a SANCHO LLERENA, a quien se le recivio juramento que lo hizo... bajo del cual prometio decir verdad." He appears as a sworn witness in another man's marriage investigation at Canelones - a primary document naming him, where this archive had only a user-built tree.
THE ACT THAT REOPENED THE SANCHO QUESTION AN HOUR AFTER THIS ARCHIVE CLOSED IT. A second child of Justa Pastora Lerena, naming her parents "Maternos: FRANCISCO LERINA y Maria Fernandez" - and it is an ORIGINAL, not one of the 1846 transcripts the copies-versus-originals argument rested on. Its godparents are ABELINO and DOMINGA LERENA, two more of that generation.
SANCHO LLERENA AT HOME, IN 1804 - twenty-seven years earlier than anything this archive held two days ago. His daughter DOMINGA JOSEFA baptised 15 May 1804, "hija legitima de Sancho Llerena y de Maria Fernandez" - and she is the Dominga Lerena who stood godmother at the Catedral de Montevideo in 1833, so a SISTER of Don Luis. In the same year's confirmation list he stands godfather to "Jose, esclavo de Manuel Lopez". Found through FULL-TEXT; neither act is name-indexed.
A SECOND BROTHER FOR DON LUIS, AND THE FIRST WIFE'S REAL SURNAME. "Hija legitima de D. PEDRO ANTONIO LERENA natural de esta y de Dna Vicenta Vega natural de Cerro Largo. Abuelos Paternos: D. SANCHO y Dna Maria Fernandez. Padrinos: D. LUIS LERENA y Dna CAROLINA ORIBE." So the bride of 1836 is ORIBE, not the OLIVA this archive recorded twice from FamilySearch's index - and the published genealogy, tiered SECONDARY here, was right that he married a daughter of an Oribe. She was also alive in July 1837.
THE SIXTH CHILD WAS A JUDGE. Thirty-five acts open "Por ante mi JULIO LERENA JUANICO, JUEZ DE PAZ y OFICIAL DEL ESTADO CIVIL de la Primera Seccion del Departamento de Montevideo"; one read in full (Maronas, 28 Aug 1909). Almost certainly JOSE JULIO, b. 15 March 1879 - the only Julio among the seven children - which also explains why his mother registered his birth when he was twenty-nine. Found only by searching the COMPOUND surname, never tried here before.
Panelo, Gonzalez, Sanchez, Vidal, Aranda, Mujica. No Lerena. 798 consecutive baptisms now read act by act.
A NINTH LERENA DISPENSATION, missed by this archive's own sweep of the same register. Jose Pedro Massera's petition of 19 June 1913 to be dispensed one conciliar proclama in order to marry "Dona EMA SIXTA LERENA JUANICO, feligresa de la metropolitana", eleven days before the wedding. Missed because the sweep searched "LERENA FELIGRESA" and her compound surname sits between those words.
A THIRD INDEPENDENT RECORD OF LUIS EUGENIO'S DEATH, and it places his burial. "Relacion de los individuos que han fallecido en el mes de Diciembre de 1901" lists LUIS LERENA LENGUAS against day 24, between Lucrecia Sosa and Emilia Zanola de Sanchez. Agrees exactly with civil act No. 216 and with his widow's sworn statement of 1908. Found only by searching the COMPOUND surname - a search on LERENA does not reach a table of names.
CITED SINCE WEEK ONE FOR NAMES; NEVER READ AS A HOUSEHOLD UNTIL NOW. Sixteen people on one page. It gives Gilberto a trade - CORREDOR DE COMERCIO; enters JUSTINIANA LENGUAS at 73 and VIUDA, so Don Luis Lerena was dead by 1895; resolves a contradiction this archive had flagged against itself (Maria E. C. is 26 and SOLTERA, not Gilberto's daughter); and finds JOSEFA "LERENA DE LERENA", a widow of 43 - almost certainly the Josefa Lerena who stood godmother at Montevideo in 1885.
THE ACT THAT SETTLES JOSEFA, and converts a tree attachment into a parish record. Maria Carlota and Maria de las Mercedes Moratorio Lerena, "de Fernando Moratorio y Josefa Lerena", with maternal grandparents "AVELINO y AMBROSIA TRAIBEL". So Josefa Lerena Traibel married a MORATORIO - which kills this archive's own census reading of "Lerena de Lerena" on a document rather than on a tree. It also produces MERCEDES LERENA, godmother and very likely Josefa's sister.
A TENTH LERENA DISPENSATION, and a second child for Avelino. ALFREDO GERENA [LERENA], 35, "hijo legitimo de Don Avelino Lorena y Dona Ambrosia Traibel", married Hermenegilda Carolina GAVAZZO - the couple DISPENSED OF CONSANGUINITY in the third degree with atingencia to the second by Archbishop MARIANO SOLER personally. His mother stood witness. Missed by this archive's dispensation sweep two ways at once: the groom is spelled GERENA, a seventh variant, and the dispensation clause precedes the names.
THE ACT THAT ATTACHES THE LERENA TRAIBEL BRANCH TO THE TRUNK. Alfredo Justiniano and Ana Rosario, children of Avelino Lerena and Ambrosia Traibel, with paternal grandparents SANCHO LERENA and MARIA FERNANDEZ named twice on one page. AND THE GODPARENTS ARE LAVALLEJA - Justiniano, Constantino and Ana. With Fructuoso Rivera at a font in 1831 and an Oribe for a bride in 1836, this family now stands at fonts with all three caudillo houses of Uruguayan independence. No relationship to any of them is claimed.
RE-READ END TO END rather than entry by entry, and it corrected a branch. ALEJANDRO is a son of AVELINO LERENA and AMBROSIA TRAIBEL, born 29 May 1843, with LUIS and JUSTINIANA as his GODPARENTS - this archive had recorded him as their sixth child, born 1845. And every act on the page, Lerena and not, ends "asi consta del LEGAJO conservado en este Archivo, mandado TRASLADAR por el Senor Obispo D. JACINTO VERA" - the page is a bundle of loose papers copied into a book three years late. THE CAUSE IS THE GUERRA GRANDE: the siege closed in February 1843, the three children were born February, May and July 1843, and none was christened until 1846 - in the VILLA DE LA UNION, which Oribe renamed the VILLA RESTAURACION and made his seat. Also carries a contradiction in the source: two full siblings born 9 February and 30 July of the same year.
A SECOND, INDEPENDENT WITNESS TO LUIS EUGENIO'S BAPTISM, seventy-four years later. Film 008166522 item 2, ark 3:1:3Q9M-CS2C-J9J2-K, filed among Montevideo baptism records of August-November 1920 - which is why FamilySearch indexes this man as born 1919 and christened 1920. The certificate transcribes the 1846 act in full and agrees with the parish page word for word, including "nacio el nueve de Febrero del ano cuarenta y tres" and "Paternos FRANCISCO y MARIA FERNANDEZ". Useful twice: it confirms the reading, and it shows that acts of the 1840s surface inside twentieth-century films where no date filter will ever find them.
THE ELEVENTH LERENA DISPENSATION, and the only one that draws its own family tree. Under "Esquemas explicativos de los grados de parentesco" the Cura Vicario sets out two lines: BERNABE LERENA married FLORINDA CARDOZO, and his sister MARIA LERENA married her brother ELISEO CARDOZO - so their children CUSTODIO LERENA and EMA CARDOZO are DOUBLE FIRST COUSINS, which is why the tie had to be traced twice. They asked to be excused the fee, "pues no pueden satisfacerlos" - a poor Lerena household, in an archive that has spent two days finding generals, judges and hacendados. AND IT CARRIES A DOCUMENTED MARIA LERENA of roughly the right generation - recorded so she is ruled out ON THE RECORD, since she married a Cardozo where Pablo Armando's mother stands beside Juan Carlos Lerena. THE STANDING CONCLUSION SURVIVES: eleven dispensations, and every Lerena in every one of them marries out.
THE EARLIEST RECORD OF SANCHO LLERENA ANYWHERE IN THIS ARCHIVE - fifteen years further back than anything held yesterday, and two years before his own marriage. "Padrinos SANCHO LLERENA y Juliana Josefa Cornejo" at the baptism of Juana, daughter of "NICOLAS BENTENO, INDIO NATURAL DE LA CIUDAD DEL TUCUMAN, y de Leonarda Correa de Buenos Ayres". He is about twenty-two and in MONTEVIDEO, not Canelones. And it is the second time this archive has found him sponsoring at the margins of colonial society: in 1804 he stood godfather to an ENSLAVED MAN, here to the daughter of an indigenous man from Tucuman. Twice, fifteen years apart. The act calls him SANCHO.
SANCHO'S DAUGHTER DOMINGA MARRIED A CAPTAIN, and the act says so. "Lucinda Gregoria del Corazon de Jesus ... hija legitima del CAPITAN DON ANTONIO RUIZ DE CARVALLO y de DONA DOMINGA LLERENA DE CARVALLO. Nieta Paterna del MAYOR DON JOAQUIN RUIZ DE CARVALLO ... Materna de SANCHO LLERENA y de Dona MARIA FERNANDEZ." The godfather is the EXCELENTISIMO SENOR GENERAL DON FRANCISCO DE PAULA MAGGESI. AND IT IDENTIFIES A WOMAN THIS ARCHIVE COULD NOT PLACE: the "Dona Dominga Carvallo" who stood godmother at a Lerena font in 1850 is almost certainly this woman - a Lerena by birth, standing for her brother's son.
THE ACT ITSELF, not the index - and it puts a tree's claim on a document. "precedidas informacion de libertad de MANUEL ZEFERINO BARROS natural de PERNAMBUCO, hijo legitimo de Jose [P]olanda de Barros y de Ana Maria Cabalgante, sobre el Matrimonio que libremente quiere contraer con JUSTA PASTORA LLERENA, NATURAL DE CANELONES, RESIDENTE EN EL CORDON, hija legitima de SANCHO LLERENA y de MARIA FERNANDEZ TRESGUERRAS." This archive has carried TRESGUERRAS from a published tree since its first week, marked secondary and unverified. The tree was right, about something no index gives - which raises the standing of its other unopened claim, that Sancho and Maria married at Canelones on 8 January 1791. The parish is Damaso Antonio Larranaga's; he is marrying another couple on the same page.
THE ACT THAT CLOSED THE TWO-DOMINGA PROBLEM, on the day it was raised. "Bautice solemnemente a DOMINGO que nacio el cuatro de Agosto, hijo legitimo de D. ANTONIO RODRIGUEZ DE CARBALLO, natural de la PROVINCIA DEL RIO GRANDE, y de Dona DOMINGA LERENA, natural del Estado Oriental. Nieto paterno de D. JOAQUIN RODRIGUEZ y de Dona JUANA DEL ESPIRITU SANTO, ambos naturales de la COLONIA DEL SACRAMENTO, y por parte materna de D. SANCHO LERENA y de Dona MARIA FERNANDEZ." Set beside the 1827 act it shows that "Antonio Rodriguez" and "Antonio Ruiz de Carvallo" are ONE MAN whose first surname the registers write two ways - so there is ONE Dominga, not two. The archive had held the two records apart, unmerged, precisely until an act joined them.
THE TAYLOR MARRIAGES, TAKEN OFF A TREE AND PUT ON PARISH REGISTERS. Five of Mary Septima's siblings were recorded here as bare surnames with no forename, date, place or source. All five are now named: HENRY DALLING m. Isabella Temple Taylor at NORTHAM, 10 Sep 1900; HENRY ALBERT BURTON m. Irene Taylor at NORTHAM, 30 Aug 1900; CHARLES WILLIAM BELL m. Margaret Helen Walker Taylor, banns NORTHAM 22 Nov 1903; WILLIAM NORRISH SWEET m. Lucy Elizabeth Taylor, banns CHURSTON FERRERS 1909; ALFRED SIDNEY WOOD m. Agnes Walker Taylor, Devon 1918; and HORACE ARCHIBALD TAYLOR m. MARY JANE MARSHALL, banns NORTHAM 17 Dec 1893. TWO SISTERS MARRIED AT NORTHAM ELEVEN DAYS APART in 1900, four months after their mother's death. The method matters: TAYLOR returns 705,979 results in England, so the RARE surname must be the principal and Taylor the spouse - and where both are common, the sisters' distinctive forenames do the work.
THE CENSUS THIS ARCHIVE HAD NEVER READ - it held only 1891 and 1901, both of the parental household. By 1911 William Taylor was nine years dead and the family had scattered. It yields FIVE OF MARY SEPTIMA'S NIECES AND NEPHEWS at one stroke - Horace Henry Charles, Ronald William James and Sylvia Mary DALLING at Northam; Charles William and Albert Edward BURTON at Bideford - Henry Dalling's trade (GARDENER, DOMESTIC) and his age, and the fact that KATHLEEN GEORGINA TAYLOR was SINGLE at forty-one and living in her married sister's house. That last replaces a tree's silence with a document.
THE 1871 CENSUS SETTLES A QUESTION THIS ARCHIVE HAD WRITTEN DOWN AND LEFT: it has KATHLEEN GEORGINA and WILLIAM JOHN both as infants in the house on 2 April 1871, and their parents' banns were called at Bideford on 9 January 1870 - so they are TWINS, born November 1870, and the family had TWO sets of twins. THE 1901 AND 1911 CENSUSES NAME WILLIAM JOHN'S WIFE AS "FANNY HELEN" and date the marriage to 1892 - where a tree said "Fanny Ellen JEFFEREY", a surname no record supports. AND THEY SHOW TWO OF THE TEN SIBLINGS IN THE SAME CORNER OF SOUTH DEVON: William John at PAIGNTON by 1911, Lucy Elizabeth's banns at CHURSTON FERRERS three miles away in 1909, both eighty miles from Northam where they were born. The brother was there first.
READ END TO END FOR PABLO ARMANDO, AND HE IS NOT IN IT. Seventy-six images, the complete section from the first register leaf - "Siguen las confirmaciones en la Iglesia del Sagrario (15 MAYO DE 1885)" - to the 1897 section under Bishop Gelabert y Crespo. About TWO AND A HALF THOUSAND children, every entry naming BOTH PARENTS in the form "NOMBRE de N anos hijo legitimo de PADRE y MADRE". NO LERENA under any of seven spellings. Pablo Armando was three when the register opens and fifteen when it closes, and children appear at every age from two to fifteen - so his whole plausible window lies inside the pages read. THE STRONGEST NEGATIVE THIS ARCHIVE HAS PRODUCED ON ROSARIO, and an independent one: the baptism indexes were already read end to end for 1731-1901. Not read: images 81-148 (1897-1904), and any confirmations of 1883-84. Two false positives were opened and dismissed, and SEVEN images returned an empty transcript on the first pass and read clean on retry - an empty transcript is "not read", not "no Lerena".
THE LAST CENSUS OF THE TAYLOR GENERATION, read 14 Sep 2026 on the day before the trial expired. Not on FamilySearch at any price, and the 1931 returns burned. Two households found. FORE STREET, NORTHAM: Henry Dalling, 40, INSURANCE AGENT for the PEARL (a gardener in 1911); Isabel Temple, 45; RONALD WILLIAM, 18, motor mechanic; SYLVIA MAY, 10; EDITH MAY, 8 - and KATHLEEN GEORGINA, sister-in-law, 50, occupation "HOME INVALID". That answers a question this archive had asked twice: the eldest of the ten never married, and the census says why. 5 KINGSLEY TERRACE, BIDEFORD: Henry Albert Burton, 45, ASSURANCE AGENT for the PRUDENTIAL; Irene, 42; Charles William, 13; two boarders. Two brothers-in-law in the same trade. TWO TRAPS RECORDED: the index calls Kathleen "DALLING" because the enumerator wrote the household surname on every line - the same shape that cost a retraction over the 1895 Buenos Aires census - and Irene's birthplace is given as BERMONDSEY, her husband's, because he filled the form.
ITS STRENGTH IS THE EXACT DATE OF BIRTH, and it gave three. HENRY DALLING born 9 OCTOBER 1880; ISABELLA T DALLING born 10 SEPTEMBER 1874 - this archive had only "1874" from a tree; and KATHLEEN G TAYLOR born 4 NOVEMBER 1870, confirming the archive's date to the day and with it the reading that she and William John were twins. Kathleen's occupation is "INCAPACITATED" - the 1921 "Home Invalid" again, eighteen years on. She died five months after this register, on 29 February 1940. THREE RECORDS, TWENTY-EIGHT YEARS, ONE HOUSE: single at 41 in 1911, home invalid at 50, incapacitated at 68 - always in her sister's household, the eldest of ten and the only one who never left. Her marital status column is left BLANK where the others read Married and Single; recorded as blank, not read as single. Ref RG101/6826D/008/16, letter code WFSE.
NEVER USED BY THIS ARCHIVE UNTIL TODAY, and it was the cheapest thing left on the Taylor side. Gave the quarter, district, volume and page for six marriages and a death: IRENE Sep 1900 BIDEFORD 5b/900 and ISABELLA 1900 BIDEFORD 5b/901 - consecutive pages, the two sisters married eleven days apart and written up one after the other; MARGARET HELLEN W Dec 1903 at PANCRAS, LONDON, 1b/43 - which answers why she is in no Devon census; LUCY ELIZABETH Jun 1909 TOTNES 5b/373; AGNES W Mar 1918 DEVONPORT 5b/588 with the spouse WOOD printed, the index carrying spouses after 1912; MARY ANN H BRAYLEY Mar 1870 BIDEFORD 5b/794; and WILLIAM TAYLOR's death Dec 1902 BIDEFORD 5b/326, age given as 75 against a birth date that would make him 76. AND ONE THAT BECAME A TRAP: a Horace Taylor married a MARSHALL at BOSMERE, SUFFOLK in Dec 1893, which looked like the answer until the page was read directly and gave the bride as LAURA EMILY, not Mary Jane. There is NO Horace Taylor marriage anywhere in Devon 1893-95, so what this archive holds for him is BANNS - an intention, not a marriage. Note the method: before 1912 the GRO index does not print the spouse, so FreeBMD's spouse box matches on a shared volume and page - an inference, not a printed fact.
SANCHO LLERENA SWORN AS A WITNESS, 9 JANUARY 1798, READ IN FULL AT IMAGE 2167 - and with it the fact that he could not write. Also the structure of the whole reel: volumes 6, 7 and 8, their seams at images 1459/1460 and 1827/1828, and the finding that the series does not cover January 1791, when he married.
THE MARRIAGE ACT OF SANCHO LLERENA AND MARIA FERNANDEZ, 8 JANUARY 1791 - his birthplace Cordova la Llana, his parents Felix Llerena and Rosalia Aguilar, naturales de dicha Cordova, and her parents Rodrigo Fernandez and Ro[sa] Fernandez of Asturias, vecinos de Santa Lucia.
THE ESTATE NOTICES OF THREE SONS OF THE 1950 ESTATE, AND THE 1950 ESTATE ITSELF. Ricardo Juan Carlos: born 6 January 1920, died 21 December 1994, of Randburg, spouse Doreen May. Nuno Fernando: born 6 October 1924, died 1 July 1971, of Germiston, spouse Catherine Mary Sophia, born 25 March 1929. Rogue Luis Armando: identity 331/402089, of Florida, Roodepoort. And Robert Paul Lerena of Newlands described as a RACEHORSE TRAINER.
FIRST SEARCH OF UK ARCHIVES IN THIS PROJECT, 17 September 2026, on David's question. The Lerena surname is a tested null in Britain (2 hits, neither a person of this family, against a 16,510-record control). The Brayley side is the opposite: 639 records, including three Brayley wills of Northam, a Royal Marines attestation for a John Walker Brayley born Middlesex, and the discovery that Geneva Place, Bideford is a council school whose admission registers survive 1885-1949. See data/tna-discovery.tsv.
THE NAVAL SWEEP OF NORTHAM AND BIDEFORD. Five men of those two parishes returned by name with exact dates of birth - four Taylors and one Brayley - and not one of them is a man of this family. The nearest, Taylor, William, born 14 October 1871 at Northam, is rejected on the 1891 census, which makes our William John twenty and so born in 1870. So William John and Horace Archibald Taylor were not Royal Navy ratings, and that is a tested null: the method demonstrably finds men of these parishes. See data/naval-devon-taylor-brayley.tsv.
OPENED FOR THE FIRST TIME, 20 September 2026, and it holds the 1812 padron this archive had only ever quoted from a transcription. 162,873 records. It named the four enslaved people of Sancho's household - ANTONIO, JOSE, JUANA, TERESA - whom this archive had said the padron did not name. Also holds MARIA LLERENA, 60, born Espana and LUIS LLERENA, both unplaced. Spans 1726-1858, earlier than anything else worked here in Uruguay. Note the pages are rotated 90 degrees.
The Retiro informacion matrimonial and the 1910 baptism that carries it. Four people read off one image: Rafael Llerena of Buenos Aires, his son Juan Carlos, and the Amadeo Lastra side.
THE ACT THAT MERGED TWO REGISTER ROWS INTO ONE MAN. 'hijo legitimo de D. ALEJANDRO MAXIMO ... y de dona JULIA BA[SSANI], natural de Italia ... con dona AMALIA PA[CHECO]', the groom 'de la Rep. Oriental, de veinte y cuatro'. It spells out the bare M. of the Montevideo acts, and corrects the index, which had him born 1887 at Almagro.
THE TWO ACTS THAT DATED ALEJANDRO M. LERENA FROM HIS OWN MOUTH - 'de cuarenta y dos anos de edad, viudo, escribano, oriental' and 'de 43 anos de edad de estado viudo'. Together they put his birth between 17 March and 6 November 1844 and put the tree's 1839 five years out. The 1888 act is a printed form whose ruled line 'Que es nieta por linea paterna de ______' is BLANK.
The Lerena-Cardozo dispensation and its two kinship diagrams - 'Esquema explicativo de los grados de parentesco'. Eight people read off one image, including Bernabe Lerena of 1911 and Custodio.
The Gonzalez Lerena marriage of the 1920s - the branch no sweep had ever counted.
THE PLATE THAT MADE BOTH HALVES OF SANCHO'S HOUSEHOLD SPANISH IMMIGRANTS. Maria Fernandez is 'natural de ASTURIAS', not Montevideo. Fourteen people off three images, including Sancho himself and his wife's parents Rodrigo and Rosa Fernandez. It also corrected the machine's 'Lorena' to LERENA.
The SANCHO-OR-FRANCISCO question, moved off a machine transcript and onto a plate: the 1833 act reads FRANCISCO. Twelve people off three images, including Leonarda Margarita Lerena Vega and the Vega and Maestre families.
THE TWINS, SETTLED. Both acts read 'que nacio el VEINTE Y CUATRO DE FEBRERO ultimo', so Maria Carlota and Maria de las Mercedes Moratorio Lerena are twins and not a nine-day impossibility. It also moved this baptism out of the Union, where this archive had placed it, and into the Catedral Basilica.
THE PLATE THAT STARTED THE WHOLE TRANSCRIPT-ONLY SWEEP. Three register rows carried surnames no human had ever read: GAVAZZO, not "Gavarro", and SUAREZ, not "Juarez". The machine had the dates, the ages, the dispensation and the relationships right, and the proper nouns wrong.
Maria Julia Margarita Josefa Emirena Justiniana Lerena Juanico, and her marriage into the HERRERA family.
Justa Pastora Lerena, Sancho's daughter, and her husband Manuel Zeferino Barros, natural de Pernambuco. Seven people off one image, and the line that led to Hilario.
The burial of Carmen Lerena, aged three, and with her Justo Lerena of the Cordon and his wife Juana Quintana.
The ZALSAMENDI marriage into the family. Eight people off one image; the surname this archive had carried as "Del Suando" from a machine transcript is ZALSAMENDI.
Ana Rosario and Alfredo Justiniano Lerena Traibel, baptised the same day and NOT twins; and the Traibel grandparents, Don Juan Traibel and Dona Ysabel Centeno. Seven people off one image.
Justina Lerena as godmother, Trinidad 1891 - one of the six or seven Trinidad fathers' kindred.
A NAMED ENSLAVED CHILD. 'Jose, esclavo de Manuel Lopez', confirmed 1804 - recorded because the record gives him a name and this archive will not leave it in a data file.
Victor Lerena, alpargatero, and through him his father Pedro and the Fidel Lerena who married Maria Ruedas. Six people off one image.
THE ACT THAT BROUGHT ZELMIRA CARLOTA BACK. Alberto Lerena's death names his parents AVELINO LERENA and AMBROSIA TREIBEL, so his daughter is a great-granddaughter of Sancho - reversing this archive's 'she is not ours' of 14 September. It also says 'nueve hijos', which produced a ninth child, Eleiza.
The corroborating image forty-eight years later that confirmed GAVAZZO against the machine's "Gavarro".
Ten people off three images, including Pedro Antonio Lerena, Dona Vicenta Vega, and Josefa Lerena Traibel (1851-1947). This is the Aguada certified copy that anchors the 1852 household.
HILARIO BARROS LLERENA, found through an impossible index date. Four images. It also crossed out a wrong citation this archive carried - Ponteceli against Rivero - and gave Justa Pastora a third son at two-year intervals. His birth DAY is still unresolved: the index says 16 March 1835 and the act's phrase appears to end 'del mismo'.
THE ACT THAT NAMED ALEJANDRO M. LERENA BESIDE A WIFE. Godparents 'ALEJANDRO M. LERENA y ELISA VILLADEMOROS'. It also makes AVELINO EDUARDO LERENA TRAIBEL and his wife ARGENTINO and ARGENTINA, names his parents 'AVELINO y AMBROSIA TRAIBEL' on a plate for the first time, and adds a third child, ANGELICA MARIA, born 8 April 1872. AND IT IS INDEXED FORTY-SEVEN YEARS LATE: the index takes 1919 off the certificate.
THE ACT THAT NAMED ALEJANDRO M. LERENA'S PARENTS, and closed a question open since 14 September 2026. 'hija legitima de D. ALEJANDRO M. LERENA y de D.a ELISA [VILLADEMOROS] (hoy finada), orientales. ABUELOS PATERNOS D. AVELINO y D.a AMBROSIA TRAIBEL'. It also dates Elisa's death to the fifteen months after 19 September 1876, and adds a fourth child. The index reads the father 'Alejandro M. SERENA' and the grandmother 'Ambrosia TRECIBEL'; the plate says LERENA and TRAIBEL.
THE FIRST RECORD EVIDENCE THAT ALEJANDRO M. LERENA WAS DEAD. His son's marriage names the groom 'hijo legitimo de ALEJANDRO M. [LERENA] y ELISA VILLADEMORAS (FINADOS)', so both were gone by June 1907. It also gives the groom as 'natural de MONTEVIDEO, Republica Oriental', aged 34 - which fits his Cordon birth of 29 October 1872 - and it corrects the index twice: the date (the index says only 1907) and the parish (the index says Inmaculada Concepcion, Bell Ville). AND THE INDEX READ THE SURNAME 'SERENA' WHERE THE PLATE HAS A CLEAR L, beside the scribe's own S in 'San Jeronimo' - the sixth S-for-L this archive has caught.
THE GRAVE IS AT MAITLAND, NOT NEWLANDS. CAREEN MARIA LERENA, aged 2 weeks, Roman Catholic allotment, Cons. No. 1, grave 7719 - the grave this archive already held for MARY SEPTIMA TAYLOR as 7719A (p.3215 entry 163, Nov 1935). Same cemetery, same allotment, same number. CORRECTS the family's account, via the cemetery office and Cheryl's sister Patricia, of an unmarked grave at Newlands. WHAT IT CANNOT SAY: whether Pablo Armando is in it - he died in 1950 and this opening is 1947. AND IT CANNOT SETTLE THE CHILD'S NAME: the scan is about 1,100 pixels across a full opening, which cannot tell Careen from Carmen. AND THIS ROW IS LATE BY THREE WEEKS, which is the exact failure this file was built to stop. Page 3215 has been quoted on /estate/ and /taylor/ since mid-September - Mary Septima's allotment, her grave number, her depth below surface, the officiating priest and the undertaker, all of it read off an image - under a page headed 'Everything consulted so far' that did not list this register at all. AND ITS ROUTE WAS NEVER WRITTEN DOWN: the archive cannot now say whether that opening came from the family's papers, from the City's office or from the FamilySearch Cape cemetery collection its register row cites. The locator survives and the provenance does not, so it is recorded as unknown rather than guessed. AND BY THE AFTERNOON THE WHOLE GRAVE WAS READ FROM THE SOURCE ITSELF. Signing in to FamilySearch gave the 1947 plate at 4,863 pixels across the opening instead of about 1,100, which settled the suffix (7719 B), the forename (Careen, by the clerk's own r and m) and a new address (42 Victoria Road, Bellville). It also produced the 1950 volume, where entry 327 names grave 7719 C 'In Plot of R. P. Lerina'. THE EARLIER ROUTE IS NOW KNOWN, NOT INFERRED: the supplied scan is this collection's image, black redaction bars and all.
THE ACT THAT EXPLAINED THE 1913 DISPENSATION. Registering ANIBAL MARINO PELAEZ, born 3 March 1922, it names both parents and ALL FOUR GRANDPARENTS with ages, trades and addresses. IT GAVE FIVE ADULTS THEIR FIRST RECORDED BIRTH YEAR - Vitalino Gregorio Pelaez c.1888, Florinda Juana Lerena c.1891, Maria Lerena c.1869, Bernabe Lerena c.1862, Florinda Cardozo c.1868 - all from stated ages, none assumed from a marriage. AND IT JOINED THE 1911 DISPENSATION TO THE 1913 ONE: the bride of 1913 is a daughter of the Bernabe Lerena and Florinda Cardozo of the priest's kinship diagram, so a sister of Custodio Lerena. READ OFF THE PLATE BECAUSE THE TRANSCRIPT COULD NOT BE TRUSTED: it renders one clerk's single letterform as SERENA in one line and LERENA four lines later. The plate shows both are L. NO WAYPOINT: a full-text image ark carries no wc=, and none is guessed here.
THE ACT THAT EXPLAINED THE 1894 DISPENSATION, and the one that merged two register rows. A Trinidad baptism of this period names BOTH PAIRS OF GRANDPARENTS IN A SINGLE LINE, which makes a parish register do the work of a civil birth act: 'hijo legitimo de Juan Lerena y Eduviges Pelaez. Abuelos paternos: BERNABE y CASIMIRA PELAEZ. Maternos: JUAN y EDUVIGES FLORENCIO (fallecida)'. SO THE GROOM OF 1894 IS A SIXTH CHILD OF THE TRINIDAD FOUNDING COUPLE, and the man this register had been carrying as a separate person that same morning; the split is retracted in data/corrections.tsv. THE MARGIN HEADING IS THE PRIEST'S OWN INDEX AND READS LERENA, where the machine transcript of the body reads 'Juan Leresa'. THE FILM NUMBER WAS WRONG FOR AN HOUR - carried across from the 1889-1894 book on the assumption that two volumes of one parish share a film. They do not; checked against the page and corrected before anything was committed. NO WAYPOINT, AND NONE GUESSED.
THE DOCUMENT THAT CLOSED WORK-LIST ROW 196, AND THE SECOND KINSHIP DIAGRAM THIS ARCHIVE HAS FOUND. It calls the groom 'hijo legitimo de Don ALEJANDRO LERENA y Dona MARGARITA FERNANDEZ, NATURALES DE SAN JOSE y vecinos de esta' and the bride 'hija legitima de Don JUAN PELAES y Dona ANTONINA LERENA' - and carries a boxed schema in the priest's own hand with RAMON LERENA and MARIA GONZALEZ at the apex. SO ALEJANDRO AND ANTONINA ARE BROTHER AND SISTER, AND THE TRINIDAD CLUSTER IS ONE FAMILY - which this register had guessed on 13 September and could not show. FIVE SPELLINGS OF THE SURNAME ON ONE PAGE: the transcript gives Serena, Lorena, Lorena and Leresa in the diagram and Lerena in the prose; the plate shows one looping capital L throughout.
THE OTHER HALF OF ROW 196. A sworn witness names both parties' parents and grandparents in one sentence: Socorro is a daughter of Don ALEJANDRO LERENA and Dona MARGARITA FERNANDEZ and a granddaughter of Don RAMON LERENA and Dona MARIA GONZALEZ. THE SAME PARENTS THE 1858 EXPEDIENTE GIVES BERNABE - which makes them brother and sister and explains the dispensation of 1885. AND IT IS WHY THE CLAIM THAT THESE RECORDS NAME NO PARENTS HAD TO BE RETRACTED: the 1850s volumes of this collection are expedientes, not the ledger. The petition argues the case on poverty - she is 'una pobre indotada que se halla al lado de sus Padres'.
THE DOCUMENT THAT STOPPED A COLLAPSE. A Flores death act gives a Don Alejandro Lerena married to ISIDORA CHOURINO where the 1855 expediente gives one married to MARGARITA FERNANDEZ. THIS ONE SHOWS THERE ARE TWO ALEJANDROS, FATHER AND SON: the petitioner is 'de estado VIUDO de la finada Dona Isidora Chourino' and his parents are 'Don ALEJANDRO y Dona MARGARITA FERNANDEZ ALVAREZ'. IT ALSO GIVES MARGARITA'S COMPOUND SURNAME, which is how the second degree is explained: the bride's father is MANUEL FERNANDEZ ALVAREZ. TWO LERENA SIBLINGS MARRIED TWO FERNANDEZ SIBLINGS IN CONSECUTIVE YEARS. NOT PLATE-READ: the transcript was clear and the names are corroborated by the other two expedientes, so this row is TIER: TRANSCRIPT.
A DEATH ACT READ FOR ITS GRANDPARENTS. It names the dead boy's paternal grandparents as Don JUAN PELAEZ y Dona ANTONINA LERENA and his maternal as Don ALEJANDRO LERENA y Dona ISIDORA CHOURINO, todos orientales fallecidos - which places MALVINO PELAEZ as a son of Juan and Antonina, a brother of Casimira and Maria, and a man who married a Lerena himself. AND IT IS THE MALVINO PELAEZ WHO STOOD GODFATHER BESIDE EDUVIGES PELAEZ IN 1894. NO BIRTH YEARS WERE TAKEN FROM IT: the act's own date was not read, only the book's range, and an age without a date is not a birth year.
SOCORRO LERENA'S FULL NAME, AND A SECOND LINE ON HER AGE. She stands godmother as 'Dona MARIA DEL SOCORRO LERENA', already titled, in January 1849. On the age her grandson's 1897 birth act gives her she is about seventeen, which corroborates a birth about 1832 from a different clerk forty-eight years earlier. AND IT DATES HER TO THE PARISH SIX YEARS BEFORE HER MARRIAGE.
THE ACT BEHIND A ROW THAT HAD CARRIED 'TIER: INDEXED, NOT IMAGE-READ' SINCE 21 SEPTEMBER. It gives 'Don MAURICIO LERENA, natural de la VILLA DEL COLLA, hijo legitimo de Don RAMON y de Dona MARIA GONZALEZ, con Dona CASIMIRA MONTANO, natural de esta Villa, hija legitima de Don JOSE y Dona IGNACIA BARREDO', before the teniente de cura Fray Froylan Mellid, certified by Jose Joaquin Reyna; witnesses Don Vicente Muniz and Dona Clara Ledena. IT CORRECTED THE ARGUMENT IT WAS OPENED TO CONFIRM: this archive had published that the 1837 act and the 1858 Trinidad expediente give the same place of origin. THEY DO NOT - COLLA AGAINST SAN JOSE - and the index field said so on the page being cited. See data/corrections.tsv. THE YEAR RANGE OF THE VOLUME WAS CHECKED AGAINST THE FRAME BEFORE ANYTHING WAS RECORDED: 1825-1859 contains 1837.
THE ACT THAT MERGED TWO CIPRIANOS AND ATTACHED A WHOLE BRANCH. Cipriano Lerena, forty-two, declares in person, names his wife LAUREANA BELOQUI and his parents MAURICIO [LERENA] and CASIMIRA MONTANO. SPOUSE AND BOTH PARENTS IN ONE SENTENCE, which merges 'Cipriano LERENA (of Trinidad)' with the index-only 'Cipriano LERENA Montana' and makes three children already in this register grandchildren of Mauricio Lerena of Colla. IT ALSO GIVES CASIMIRA MONTANO A BIRTH YEAR (c.1821), A WIDOWHOOD AND AN ADDRESS - Calle Arenal 240, San Jose de Mayo - AND DATES MAURICIO'S DEATH to before March 1895. And it names Lauriana Beloqui's parents, making the Basque surname a documented Spaniard with land.
A SEVEN-DAY-OLD DAUGHTER OF MAURICIO LERENA AND CASIMIRA MONTANO. 'di sepultura en el angelorio al cadaver de ABDONA IGNACIA, hija legitima de Don MAURICIO LERENA y Dona CASIMIRA MONTANA', by Don Francisco Castello. SHE CARRIES HER MATERNAL GRANDMOTHER'S NAME and is recorded as a separate person precisely because an Ignacia Lerena marrying at Trinidad in 1882 is listed elsewhere as a candidate child of the same couple. REUSING A DEAD INFANT'S NAME WAS ORDINARY AND IS A STANDING DUPLICATE HAZARD.
READ OFF THE PLATE FOR ONE WORD. The transcript garbles a witness's age to 'veincuenta', which is not a Spanish word, and that age is the whole of what separates this MAURICIO LERENA from the man who married at San Jose in 1837. The plate says CINCUENTA - fifty in 1886, so born about 1836, which is before that marriage. TWO MEN, AND HE IS NOT ENTERED AS A SON: either the stated age is loose in the ordinary way or they are not father and son. He signs his own name, where Cipriano Lerena could not write.
THE ACT THAT PUT THE TRINIDAD KINDRED ON RAMON LERENA AT PLATE LEVEL. 'desposé... a ALEXANDRO LEREÑA, Natural de la VILLA DEL ROSARIO, y vecino de esta, hijo legitimo de RAMON LEREÑA y de MARIA JOSEFA GONZALEZ, con MARGARITA FERNANDEZ ALVAREZ, Natural de esta Villa, hija legitima de JUAN FERNANDEZ ALVAREZ y de BARBARA SOTURA. Fueron padrinos MARCOS DE LEON GONZALEZ y MARIA FERNANDEZ ALVAREZ'. THE FULL FORM 'MARIA JOSEFA' IN A PRIEST'S HAND, matching this register's row for Ramon's wife exactly, and the same Rosario-Colla origin as his brother Mauricio. AND IT TURNS AN INFERENCE INTO A DOCUMENT: Margarita's parents are Juan Fernandez Alvarez and Barbara Sotura, and the 1855 expediente gives Serapio Fernandez's grandparents as 'Don Juan y Dona Barbara Sotura' - so Margarita and Manuel Fernandez Alvarez are brother and sister, which is the whole of the second grade dispensed in 1855. IT ALSO CONTRADICTS THE 1858 EXPEDIENTE, which calls Alejandro and Margarita 'naturales de San Jose'; this act says Alejandro was of ROSARIO and Margarita 'natural de esta Villa'. Recorded as a conflict. AND IT WAS OPENED TO TEST A CANDIDACY THE ARCHIVE HAD ALREADY CLOSED ON 17 SEPTEMBER.
ROQUE LUIS ARMANDO LERENA'S ADDRESS, TRADE AND TENURE. A SECOND roll of the district already read on 8 October, where he is voter 1491 and the OCR columns could not be aligned. The printed line here reads 'Lerena, Roque Luis Armando ... 14 FLORENCE VILLAS ... FIREMAN ... O ... SOLE TENANT ... E'. AND THE ROLL NAMES ITS OWN DISTRICT: one line carries 'Louis Botha Hostel, OBSERVATORY' and the street column runs Lower Main Rd, Trill Rd, Scott Rd and SALT RIVER. THE RACE COLUMN IS PART OF THIS RECORD CLASS - E, C and N against the names - and is transcribed here as the document reads, because a Cape voters' roll is a document about franchise. 'FIREMAN' IS READ AS A LOCOMOTIVE FIREMAN FROM THE OCCUPATIONS AROUND IT, AND THAT IS AN INFERENCE.
A SECOND PROPERTY FOR NUNO FERNANDO LERENA, beside lot 245 in Cologne Road. 'No. 210 ... 14,560 Sq. Feet ... Transferor: T/SHIP OWNERS ... Transferee: NUNO FERNANDO LERENA. 6.10.24'. BOUGHT FROM THE TOWNSHIP OWNERS, which is how a new township sells its first stands. IT ALSO SETTLES WHAT THE DATE BESIDE HIS NAME IS: the folio carries the transfer date in its own column, so 6.10.24 is an IDENTITY date - his birth date, held independently from the 1950 estate and death notice 6746/71. THE TOWNSHIP REMAINS UNPLACED: two streets, no district, and nothing guessed. THE TRANSCRIPT READ HIS NAME AS 'JAN FERNANDO' HERE AND 'HUNO' ON THE OTHER FOLIO; THE CLERK WROTE NUNO BOTH TIMES.
AN EXCLUSION, AND THE SECOND OF ITS KIND. The folio names 'late LUCAS LERENA' and 'Spouse RACHEL LERENIA (born MALEKA)'. NOT THIS FAMILY. On 8 October this archive excluded SEKO LERENA of the Ned. Geref. Sending Gemeente Kranspoort, a mission congregation, on the same ground. TWO RECORDS, FORTY YEARS AND A HUNDRED MILES APART, SHOW A SECOND SOUTH AFRICAN FAMILY CARRYING THIS SURNAME. LISTED BECAUSE AN EXCLUSION IS EVIDENCE: a searcher meeting 'Lerena' in a Transvaal record needs to know there are two unconnected families of the name.
IT TRACES ONE OF THE FOUR UNTRACED FATHERS OF ARMY DRAWER CAJON 985, which /open-questions/ asks strangers to help with. The act makes MARIA ADELA the 'hija legitima de D. CARLOS LERENA y ADELA CARNIGLIA, orientales, domiciliados en este Curato' - SO CARLOS LERENA IS URUGUAYAN, and four of that drawer's traceable fathers are now Uruguayan or married in Uruguay. AND AN ABELINO LERENA STOOD GODFATHER BY PROXY through Domingo Simois, which turns a suggestive forename into a man. WHICH AVELINO IS NOT ESTABLISHED: this register holds four of the name, and the adjacent Arturo row of cajon-985-origins.tsv was once attached to one of them and withdrawn the same day. NO AI TRANSCRIPT EXISTS FOR THIS IMAGE, so every word here is off the plate. THE WAYPOINT WAS CHECKED BEFORE IT WAS WRITTEN DOWN: Q633-3DR is 'mendoza, Bautismos 1899-1903' in the Record Atlas's own volume data, and the act is 1900.
THE ACT THAT TURNED A NATIONALITY INTO A CITY. Where the 1900 act could only say 'orientales' because it is prose, this one is a PRINTED FORM with a 'natural de' blank beside each parent - and both blanks read MONTEVIDEO. SO CARLOS LERENA, one of the four fathers /open-questions/ asks strangers about, IS A MONTEVIDEAN. It also gives MARIA MERCEDES LERENA, born 10 March 1902 in the city of Mendoza, and two godparents: D. EDUARDO CARNIGLIA in person and Dona MERCEDES LERENA DE MARTINEZ by proxy through the child's own mother. THE PROXY IS THE EVIDENCE: a godparent who must be represented lives somewhere else. SHE IS NOT IDENTIFIED with any of the three Mercedes Lerenas of Montevideo in this register, nor with the CAROLINA LERENA de MARTINEZ already here. THE LESSON FOR ANY ARCHIVE: WHEN A PARISH SWITCHES TO A PRINTED FORM, GO BACK AND RE-ASK THE QUESTIONS THE PROSE COULD NOT ANSWER.
THE FIRST RECORD THIS ARCHIVE HAS EVER READ IN CHILE. It names 'padre ARTURO LERENA GARCIA, madre AMALIA DIAZ' on the death of their son JUAN FERNANDO, aged ten months, of pneumonia, at 81 Victoria, buried Playa Ancha. THE COMPOUND SURNAME NAMES ARTURO'S MOTHER - A GARCIA - which is the first thing this archive has held about his parents, and IT CONFIRMS A WITHDRAWAL MADE ON DOUBT ALONE: his working row once read 'son of Avelino Lerena and Ambrosia Traibel'. AND IT MOVES THE FAMILY ACROSS THE ANDES: La Pampa 1889, Valparaiso 1893-94, Mendoza 1896, Entre Rios 1897. THE INDEX'S BIRTH YEAR IS A YEAR OUT - it estimates 1894 from the death year, where the act's 'diez meses' gives about November 1893. WHAT THE FORM DOES NOT ASK: where the father was born. Nationality is recorded for the deceased only.
THE ACT THAT TRACED THE LAST UNTRACED FATHER OF CAJON 985, AND BROKE A PATTERN DOING IT. A printed form with a 'de nacionalidad' blank for each parent: 'hijo de ARTURO LERENA, de nacionalidad ESPANOLA, de profesion PERIODISTA, y de AMALIA DIAZ, de nacionalidad PERUANA'. SO ARTURO LERENA IS A SPANIARD AND A JOURNALIST, where every other traceable father in that drawer is Uruguayan - see data/corrections.tsv. HE SIGNED AS A WITNESS TOO, 'de cincuenta y [units not read] anos... domiciliado en PARANA', which puts his birth about 1865-1874 and proves the witness is the father and not the twenty-eight-year-old son of the same name. IT ALSO EXPLAINS A GARBLED INDEX: FamilySearch renders Amalia on one army card as 'Amalia Dias Peruane', reading her nationality as part of her name. AND IT ADDS A BIRTHPLACE THE ARMY DRAWER DID NOT GIVE: Antonio Lerena Diaz, born about 1896 at BUENOS AIRES.
A SECOND ARGENTINE MILITARY DRAWER, AND A DIFFERENT RECORD CLASS FROM CAJON 985 - fingerprint cards rather than enrolment fichas. It was reached through the PERSON and not through the drawer, which is why this archive had never opened it. IT CORRECTS THREE INDEX ERRORS AT ONCE: the surname is LERENA in his own signature, where the index says SERENA; the index gives him a father, 'Spouses Carlos', where THE CARD'S FATHER FIELD IS STRUCK THROUGH WITH A PEN and the indexer took CARLOS from the son's own forename; and the index puts his birth at Mendoza where the card says CAP. FEDERAL. AND IT BEARS ON THE CENTRAL QUESTION: these clerks CANCELLED a parent they did not know. Pablo Armando's card names both - so MARIA LERENA on his card is a positively recorded entry and not a filler.
THE ACT THAT CONFIRMS THE 1858 KINSHIP DIAGRAM FROM A SEPARATE RECORD SYSTEM. The death of ANTONINA ISABEL LERENA DE PELAEZ, nacida en MONTEVIDEO, de NOVENTA Y DOS ANOS, widow, at Cerro Colorado on her own estancia: 'hija legitima de Don RAMON LERENA y de Dona MARIA GONZALEZ, fallecidos'. A priest drew that parentage in 1858; a Juez de Paz wrote it in 1911. IT ALSO NAMES HER FOUR SURVIVING CHILDREN - CASIMIRA JOSEFA, MALBINO HIPOLITO, MARIA INOCENCIA, JUAN FABIAN - three of whom this archive held as separate people from separate acts, and IT CORRECTS HER BIRTH YEAR BY ELEVEN YEARS and her birthplace. HER HUSBAND IS JUAN PEDRO PELAEZ, not simply Juan, and the declarant is her grandson.
IT NAMES A WOMAN THIS ARCHIVE COULD ONLY INFER THE DAY BEFORE. The death of ALEJANDRINA LERENA DE PELAEZ, seventy-four, widow, born in that section: 'hija de ALEJANDRO LERENA y de YSIDORA CHOUSINA, ambos fallecidos. Abuelos paternos: ALEJANDRO LERENA y MARGARITA FERNANDEZ'. SO ALEJANDRO LERENA THE YOUNGER'S OWN PARENTAGE IS CONFIRMED BY A SECOND ACT SEVENTY-TWO YEARS AFTER THE EXPEDIENTE THAT FIRST GAVE IT. A THIRD SPELLING OF ISIDORA'S SURNAME - CHONZENO, CHOURINO, CHOUSINA - and none is preferred here. NOTE THE VOLUME'S TITLE IS WRONG FOR ITS CONTENTS, which is worth knowing before trusting a date range on this series.
A SECOND CHILD FOR THE 1894 DISPENSATION COUPLE, AND TWO MORE FOR ANOTHER. The Durazno act gives AMADOR LERENA PELAEZ, thirty-five, a barber, born in the Sexta Seccion of Flores, 'hijo legitimo de don JUAN LERENA y de dona EDUVIGES PELAEZ, orientales', both deceased - THE FIRST TERMINUS THIS ARCHIVE HAS FOR EITHER PARENT'S DEATH. The Trinidad confirmations give LUIS and AURORA, children of BALBINO PELAEZ and ALEJANDRINA LERENA, and a new MARGARITA LERENA as a sponsor. THE CONFIRMATION REGISTER CARRIES NO DATE PER ENTRY, so those two children carry none here.
<strong>THE MARRIAGE OF EDUARDO ZALDUONDO AND ANGELICA MARIA LERENA VILLADEMOROS</strong>, which work-list row 186 had wanted since September. Gives his exact birth (<strong>15 August 1860</strong>, Montevideo), his parents' ages and nationalities (<strong>Juan, 80, ORIENTAL, jubilado</strong>; <strong>Dolores Pou, 58, BRASILENA</strong>), her birth as <strong>8 April 1871</strong> against a baptism of 8 April 1872, and her father <strong>AVELINO, oriental, “fallecido en Canelones en el ano de 1895”</strong>. Witnesses <strong>Fernando Moratorio</strong> (her uncle by marriage) and <strong>Agustin Riva</strong>. The <strong>“Legitiman” line is blank</strong>. <strong>She signed it herself.</strong>
Household 229 - Pedro A. Lerena 40, Vicenta Vega 35, and three children entered only as D.o (dicho): Emilia 18, Pedro 16, Vicenta 12. Re-dated 12 October 2026 from the c.1833 this archive had carried; the dating is confirmed by FamilySearch catalogue koha:1408224, which lists the film item by item and shows NO padron earlier than 1843 on it.
No Lerena marriage at Rosario 1868-1891; the first Lerenas in the city, at Santa Rosa de Lima, 1903 and 1918
TWO Lerena baptisms in the whole indexed country
The Trinidad, Montevideo and Colonia kindreds - and no Pablo Armando in any of them
The four-generation Larena family at Gualeguaychu
No Pablo Lerena born 1882; no Armando Lerena, ever
Ricardo Juan Carlos Lerena, b.1920, Claremont C.P.; Nuno Fernando Lerena, b.1924, Wynberg C.P. - the family placed by suburb in the year Mary Septima died
Mary Septima's 1909 and 1935 voyages; her father the retired cavalry sergeant; her 1901 pupil-teacher notice in the Western Times
The 1950 estate MOOC 6/9/17017, the Koeberg Road stables, the divorces
Death years for five of the family
Earliest Lerena arrival 1905, so his parents cannot be in it; Gilberto Lerena, 1928. The underlying MANIFESTS have never been seen - the search is CAPTCHA-gated and returns index rows, not images.
Testing the family tradition that he fled Argentina as a communist. Searched by the institute's own archivist and again here, under Lerena and Lerina. No person of this family; the apparent hits are the Conde de Lerena of the 1787 census and a Montevideo street.
Tested as a source and FOUND EMPTY: zero Lerena profiles, run twice. The Devon and Suffolk Taylors were searched too, since that line rests on one MyHeritage tree; the Worlingworth Taylors and Devon Brayleys are there, but every candidate profile has unknown parents.
The whole Taylor line - James Taylor c.1796 down to Mary Septima and her nine siblings. Almost every fact on that line still traces to this one tree, which is why independent corroboration was sought.
A third leg under Argentina, and an Italian hypothesis. Five further groups recorded, three of which argue AGAINST this archive's own hypothesis.
The MyHeritage tree title naming Lerena and Booyzen; Johannesburg as David's birthplace and the move to Brisbane. Two contradictions in this archive were caught by comparison.
Cheryl Anne Lerena; the Argentine great-grandfather; Rosario; the consulship; the horses; the ostrich farm
The founding kindred of the surname, properly enumerated: seven fathers, their wives' surnames, and sixteen children. The mothers are the finding - Beloqui, Echeverry and Pelaez are Basque. Also disproved this archive's own claim that a daughter of the Montevideo trunk was baptised here.
The seventh child's marriage: Candido Lerena Juanico to Maria Concepcion Magarinos Pittaluga, 15 February 1922. Index-level.
A NEGATIVE, and a useful one: Luis Eugenio Lerena Lenguas is not in the indexed Uruguayan death registers at all - not in the 1,502 Montevideo rows, and not in the 1899-1903 window the FamilySearch Tree points at. His son Luis IS there, dead at 25 in December 1897.
Four siblings of Luis Eugenio, and GILBERTO LERENA among them. Two independent records of Gilberto's own children give his parents as Luis and Justiniana Lenguas, which makes the co-founder of the Argentine Stud Book a brother of the man whose daughter was baptised at Rosario in 1866. Index-level; the images are not yet opened.
HER BAPTISM, closing another question held open since the morning. Born 23 November 1842 at Montevideo; mother given in full as JULIANA JOAQUINA GONZALEZ; godparents D. Enrique Juanico and Mercedes Gonzalez. Index-level; image ark 3:1:3Q9M-C9BW-NLLP not yet opened.
Confirms the two-wives inference this archive made from dates alone. Julia, b.1842, by Juliana Joaquina Gonzalez; and Sara, Zara Sista Emirena and Celia JUANICO LENGUAS, b.1866-69, by SIXTA LENGUAS. A full generation apart. Note the second wife's surname against Justiniana Lenguas - the two families look connected before 1864.
THE DEATH REGISTERS FOR THE WHOLE INDEX GAP ARE FILMED, and this archive had listed only one of the five. Defunciones 1731-1803 (DGS 4531019), 1804-1824+1828-1841 (4531020), 1841-1860 (4531021), 1861-1864 (4531022), 1864-1875 (4531023). The catalogue also confirms the hard edge: THERE IS NO DEFUNCIONES FILM AFTER 1875. Also recovered: three Confirmaciones films and two earlier Matrimonios films, none previously listed here.
THE RECORD THAT MAKES JUSTINIANA AND SIXTA SISTERS. Parents "Pedro Lenguas, Carmen Gonzalez", husband "Candido Juanico" - the same parents the 1846 acts give Justiniana. So the groom's maternal aunt was already the bride's stepmother when Luis Eugenio married Julia Juanico in 1864.
DGS numbers recovered for five films this archive had listed without them: Confirmaciones 1883-1918 (DGS 4531018) - the one that covers Pablo Armando - plus Confirmaciones 1722-1833/1860-1895 (4531017), Confirmaciones 1764-1833 (4530427), Matrimonios 1722-1803 (4531037) and Matrimonios 1804-1852 (4531038). A DIAGNOSTIC WORTH KEEPING: catalogue SEARCH, full-text and /search/film/<old film number> were all erroring, while a DIRECT CATALOGUE ID still worked.
THE ARGENTINE LIMB OF THE MONTEVIDEO HOUSE, assembled for the first time: EIGHT children of Gilberto Lerena and Julia Salvanach. Four born at Montevideo (1878-1886), four at Buenos Aires (1890-1898) - which BRACKETS the family's crossing between 31 October 1886 and 29 October 1890, firmer than the "1887 to 1889" read off census birthplaces. And Juan Carlos is not among them.
Run to test whether Alejandro Lerena Lenguas, b. 29 May 1845, is the ALEJANDRO MAXIMO LERENA of the enrolment cards. INCONCLUSIVE, and recorded as such: no record found names Alejandro Maximo's parents. The search did establish that there are at least THREE distinct men of the name, including one of the Trinidad orbit married to Severa Fernandez - which is the mistake this file exists to prevent.
A NULL, and an honest one. No record anywhere pairs a Lerena father with a "Carolina Oliva" mother; and every "Carolina Oliva" in the Uruguayan records of that span belongs to a later woman who married Antonio Reverditto. The 1836 marriage left no indexed trace but its own petition. Not an exclusion - the Montevideo registers of 1837-1841 are largely un-indexed, and this archive has twice this week found what indexes miss.
THIRTY HITS, EVERY ONE IN QUITO, ECUADOR - an Antonio Llerena y Aguilar of the Quito notarial records, 1789-1824. So the "Aguilar" this archive carries in Sancho's name is supported by no record it has read, and comes from the FamilySearch Tree.
THE NULL HOLDS. "Juan Carlos Lerena" as an exact phrase across the whole corpus returns TWO documents: the Montevideo dispensation of Juan Carlos Gonzalez Lerena, b.1899, already recorded here as not ours; and a Montevideo death of 2001 for a Juan Carlos ATAY Lerena, b.1933. Re-run because the recordCountry filter was found to break full-text silently, casting doubt on earlier nulls. This one was sound.
A MUCH STRONGER NULL THAN THE INDEXED ONE, because the coverage was checked first. The Montevideo registers for those years ARE in the full-text corpus - Cordon baptisms 1837-1841, Catedral baptisms 1836-1840, Catedral deaths 1836-1842 - so the handwriting has been read. Neither "de Don Luis Lerena" nor "Lerena y de Carolina" returns a baptism from them. The marriage appears to have left no surviving child's act in either parish.
THE LERENA TRAIBEL BRANCH PLACED AT LAST. JOSEFA LORENA LERENA TRAIBEL, died 2 April 1947 aged NINETY-SIX, born 1851, "Parents: AMBROCIA TRAIBEL, AVELINO LERENA". This archive has named that branch since its first week without ever placing Avelino. She is a strong candidate for the Josefa Lerena of the 1885 Montevideo font and the "Lerena de L. Josefa, 43, viuda" of Gilberto's 1895 Buenos Aires household - recorded as three separate rows and deliberately NOT merged, after this archive conflated two Arturo Lerenas in the same week.
THE RECORD THAT DEFLATED MY OWN CLAIM WITHIN THE HOUR. A JOSEFA LERENA appears as mother of Josefa, Eduardo and Maria MORATORIO LERENA, "Spouses: Fernando Moratorio" - index-level civil registration, real records. FamilySearch's TREE then attaches her to Josefa Lerena Traibel 1851-1947, which is SECONDARY. If that link holds, the 1895 census "Lerena de L." is the enumerator's shorthand for the household and NOT evidence of a Lerena-Lerena marriage.
A real DON SANCHO LERENA appears in Madrid notarial records 1773-1808, among censos and chaplaincies. NOT OURS, on a date: ours was marrying at Canelones in January 1791 while this man transacts before a Madrid notary the same year. Recorded because it is exactly the find that gets mistaken for him later - right name, right decade, and a Spanish origin that would flatter this archive's own Andalusian hypothesis.
THE APEX GENERATION, COMPLETED BY SEARCHING THE PARENTS RATHER THAN THE SURNAME. Twenty-two results for father Sancho + mother Maria Fernandez in Uruguay, of which four are new: AVELINO'S DATES (born 1815, died 22 August 1890, Montevideo civil registration 23 Aug, ark 1:1:62J2-4CNQ); JUSTA PASTORA'S MARRIAGE (3 November 1830, Cordon, to MANUEL BARROS, ark 1:1:X9PT-MQTQ); and TWO records for a DOMINGA with DIFFERENT HUSBANDS - Antonio Rodriguez (ark 1:1:6D7C-5X1Y) and Antonio Ruiz de Carvallo (ark 1:1:6DF7-HZPR), NOT merged and both images unopened. Avelino's death date explains why his widow rather than he stood witness at their son's 1892 wedding: he had been dead sixteen months. The method is the finding: this family is indexed under eight spellings, so the surname box loses records the PARENT PAIR recovers.
THE CENTRAL NULL SURVIVES THE BEST METHOD THIS ARCHIVE HAS. Argentina, father "Juan Carlos" + Lerena: 210 results, and the only Juan Carlos Lerena among them is PABLO ARMANDO'S OWN ENROLMENT CARD. Uruguay, as a person: 822 results, of which ONE is a Juan Carlos Lerena recorded as a father - opened and ruled out, an infant death registered 21 February 1983. Also observed: nearly every Juan Carlos Lerena in Uruguay carries LERENA AS A SECOND, MATERNAL SURNAME - Gonzalez Lerena, Carvalho Lerena, del Campo Lerena, Reyes Lerena. AND A FAILURE MODE FOUND: FamilySearch renders "Historical Record Search Results (0)" WHILE THE QUERY IS STILL RUNNING. Three false nulls were caught only by a control query on Sancho, which also returned zero and was known to be wrong. See data/parent-pair-search-method.tsv.
IF MARIA LERENA WAS A LERENA BY BIRTH, HER CHILDREN WOULD CARRY THE COMPOUND. Nobody had ever searched for it. Run first against the Uruguayan Catholic registers (4 hits) and then against the whole corpus without a country filter (43 hits). EVERY SINGLE ONE IS A TRANSCRIPTION DOUBLING at a line or page end - "Pio Lerena . Lerena", "Zelmira Lerena , Lerena argentino", "Celidonio B. de Lerena Lerena", "G. Lerena Lerena" across a printed title page. Each was opened and each transcript read. The only genuine compounds in all 43 are COLOMBIAN, a different family in Bolivar. So no child of two Lerenas is recorded under the compound anywhere FamilySearch has transcribed. This LOWERS the probability that Maria Lerena was a Lerena by birth; it does not close it - a woman can be a Lerena by birth without her children ever being written so, and Rosario's parish books are thin in full text.
A CANDIDATE TESTED AND RULED OUT, which is the point of recording candidates. Flagged this morning because the shape was right: a Uruguayan Lerena woman married to an ARGENTINE in the decade this archive cares about. She is born 4 NOVEMBER 1880 in the Departamento de SAN JOSE, daughter of ALBERTO LERENA and MARIA INES LARRIERA; married ADOLFO CORDERO at Montevideo 28 February 1901; died there 4 January 1945. Nothing touches Pablo Armando. But her father ALBERTO LERENA, fathering a daughter in 1880, would be the right age to be ALBERTO OCTAVIO LERENA LENGUAS, born Montevideo 1850 and a grandson of Sancho - NOT MERGED, because a forename and an age is exactly the evidence that produced the two Arturos.
TESTED ON THIS FAMILY AND IT DOES NOT WORK - nothing found, and the reasons matter more than the result. "Lerena" returns 1,344 articles and the surname is DROWNED BY THREE SOURCES OF NOISE: the NISSAN SERENA motor car, advertised through the 1990s and OCR'd as "lERENA"; "GUTTA SERENA", the old medical term for blindness, in infirmary tables from the 1750s; and DON PEDRO LOPEZ DE LERENA, Spanish Minister of Finance under Charles III, reported from the London Gazette in the 1780s - a real Lerena and not ours. Exact-keyword matching does not help, because the OCR text literally contains the string. "Mary Septima" (26), "Septima Taylor" (12) and "Lerena + Northam" (2) all returned nothing of ours. THE ONE LIVE SEAM IS REACHED BY SUBJECT, NOT BY NAME: "Argentine Stud Book" returns 13 genuine articles including SPORTING LIFE of 28 October 1909 on Argentine racing - the years Gilberto Lerena was co-founding that book. A targeted read of Sporting Life 1905-1920 is a reading task, not a search task.
NOT BLOCKED TODAY, and it answered a question this archive had spent the day calling unanswerable. Two Spanish archive indexes - "Index des mariages catholique de Grenade" and "Spain, Marriages, 1565-1950" - carry SANCHO LERENA y ARMENTA married to ANA MARIA DE AGUILAR, Diocese of GRANADA, between 1725 and 1775. A son of that couple would be styled LERENA y AGUILAR, which is exactly the name the trees give the Sancho born in 1767 - so "Aguilar", unattested across all fourteen Uruguayan records, is a real Spanish matronymic pointing at a grandmother, not a tree's invention. Index read, image NOT opened, and the date range is a fifty-year span, so it is a testable lead and nothing more. Geneanet also gives GRANADA against the trees' CORDOBA (ckurti: ZUHEROS, Cordoba) where the census says only ANDALUZIA; a DEATH IN 1832 for Sancho from four trees, where this archive has none; and his wife more fully as MARIA JOSEFA (TERESA) FERNANDEZ TRESGUERRAS. AND THE CENTRAL NULL HOLDS ON A THIRD PLATFORM: "Juan Carlos Lerena" returns exactly ONE result in all of Geneanet, a "del Campo Lerena" in which Lerena is the second surname. He is absent from FamilySearch, from WikiTree and from Geneanet alike.
THE SOURCE BEHIND THREE DAYS OF THIS ARCHIVE'S ASSUMPTIONS, AND IT OVERTURNS ONE OF THEM. With FamilySearch blocking this session ("Access Denied - Error 15"), the 1791 act could not be chased on its films. Geneanet was open. The jfina tree (Josefina Sanchez Abal) carries a long sourced note on Sancho: born Cordoba c.1767, son of FELIX LERENA and ROSALIA AGUILAR, "c.m. 8.1.1791", citing APOLANT, "Operativo Patagonia" (Montevideo, Imprenta Letras, 1970), FICHA 355. THAT KILLS THE GRANADA HYPOTHESIS THIS ARCHIVE BUILT THE SAME MORNING: "Aguilar" is his MOTHER's surname, not a grandmother's from the 1754 Granada marriage, and the controlled null against that couple is explained rather than mysterious. IT ALSO SEPARATES THE DATE FROM THE PLACE: the date is Apolant's and published; "Canelones" is in none of it - the note's "Concejo de Morcin, Asturias" is the BRIDE'S birthplace, JOSEFA FERNANDEZ TRESGUERRAS b.1778, an ASTURIAN of the Operativo Patagonia convoy, which is why "Tresguerras" appears in no Uruguayan index. AND IT QUOTES THE 1812 PADRON IN FULL (AGN, Fondo ex AGA, L 251): calle San Juan No 60, Sancho "andaluz" 45, Maria Fernandez 36, six children all "naturales del Canelon" - Juan Agustin 21, Pedro Antonio 19, Agustina 17, Fidel 12, Justa 10, Dominga 7 - the father-in-law RODRIGO FERNANDEZ, 63, asturiano, in the household, and FOUR ENSLAVED PEOPLE. Two corrections follow: Juan Agustin was 21 in 1812, not a child, so this archive's own objection to reading the 1812 godparents "Juan Agustin SERENA y Agustina PERENA" as LERENA is withdrawn; and DOMINGA is in the census and missing from the tree, which the acts read here had already caught. Two further published citations noted and not yet opened: Revista 15 IEGU pp.53-54, and Francisco Bauza, "Historia de la Dominacion Espanola" (1929) III p.285, placing the Lerenas of Canelones as trusted men of the BARON DE LA LAGUNA in 1817.
38 Lerena records across a Verified Death Database, the National Archives index and an Estate File Database - with birth, death and marriage YEARS, maiden names and spouses, which NAAIRS does not give. Death-year and estate references for all three sons named in the 1950 estate. 'Llerena' returns zero in South Africa. Summary rows free; full records behind a paid account, not purchased.
THE PAYWALL CAME DOWN AND EIGHTEEN DAYS OF 'NOT OPENED' ENDED. This set had been read on 9 September from the FREE RESULT LIST only, giving parents' FORENAMES and years. The transcripts give the MOTHER'S SURNAME and an exact baptism date for every row. They confirm this archive's prediction that the Trinidad kindred married BASQUE women - BELOQUI, ECHEVERRY, PELAEZ, and now BARRAGAN - and they show the surnames drifting within one household: Echeverse, Echeversi and Echeverry are one woman in four years. Four new households and three Lerena women appearing as MOTHERS at San Jose. TIER: an index of an index. No image was opened.
A GENERATION FINDMYPAST DOES NOT HOLD. Swept the same day the 33 findmypast transcripts were opened, and returned the CHILDREN OF THE CHILDREN. The row that closes a story: CUSTODIO LERENA and EMA CARDOZO, the double first cousins of the 1911 dispensation, had a daughter VIOLETA BLANCA on 29 October 1915 - so it was granted. Also four households new here, a fourth Lerena woman recorded as a mother with no father, and the 1726 index artefact again. TIER: INDEX ONLY, no image opened, and several names are visibly mangled - 'Min Levena Fer' is FERMIN.
<strong>THE HUSBAND OF ANGELICA MARIA LERENA VILLADEMOROS, NAMED AT LAST</strong> - 'Eduardo Zalduando Pou', dead at Montevideo on <strong>22 August 1913</strong> aged <strong>fifty-two</strong>, son of <strong>JUAN</strong> and <strong>DOLORES POU</strong>, and so her widowhood at forty-one. <strong>BUT HE IS ALMOST CERTAINLY THE EDUARDO ZALSAMENDI ALREADY IN THIS REGISTER</strong> off the 1903 Pocitos plate - same forename, same father, same mother, same wife's surname, same daughter's name. See data/zalsamendi-zalduando-one-household.tsv.
<strong>A SON AND A GRANDSON-GENERATION MARRIAGE</strong>: Eduardo Zalduando, 26, born about 1901 at La Paz, married <strong>MARIA ESTER COSTA</strong>, 24, of the same town, on <strong>20 December 1927</strong>; her parents <strong>RAFAEL COSTA</strong> and <strong>LEONTINA SOASANI</strong>. <strong>PUTS A BRANCH OF THIS FAMILY IN CANELONES IN THE 1900s</strong>, where the Lerena Villademoros had been a Montevideo household.
Worldwide and per-country distribution of Lerena - 2,124 bearers, Uruguay the densest; the Llerena variant and its 36,828 bearers
Gilberto Justiniano Lerena Lenguas, the Argentine Stud Book, Haras El Viejo, and the 1914 renaming of the race; the two candidate origins of the name; Basque emigration to the River Plate from the 1820s
Secondary account of the surname's origin. Treated with caution - such sites routinely assert etymologies without sources.
Gavin Lerena in South African racing
ASSESSED AND UNUSABLE TODAY, for a reason worth recording. Its full-text search returns "TOTAL (0)" plus "Diese Seite steht zur Zeit leider noch nicht zur Verfugung" for EVERY query - proved by controls: "Konsul", "Uruguay" and "Montevideo" each give the identical 166-byte response. A zero from a search that returns zero for everything is not evidence. The one genuine hook if it recovers is CONSULAR: Austria-Hungary had consulates at Montevideo and Buenos Aires and gazetted its consuls, and this family is exactly the class honorary consuls were drawn from.
ASSESSED ON REQUEST, AND THE ASSESSMENT IS THAT IT CANNOT BE ASSESSED TODAY. About five million pages of Austrian and Habsburg official text. Its full-text search returns the same stub for every query - established by CONTROLS, not assumed: "Konsul", "Uruguay" and "Montevideo" each returned an identical 166-byte response. A word certain to appear in five million pages of Austrian law returning zero is a broken search, not a null. RETESTED 14 Sep by submitting the site's own form as a POST rather than the GET used first - a stricter test, since a malformed request could have explained the first result. The form comes back unchanged. On relevance, honestly: THE PRIOR IS LOW - this family is Uruguayan, Argentine, Spanish, South African and British, and nothing in the record touches the Habsburg lands. The one real hook is CONSULAR: Austria-Hungary kept consulates at Montevideo and Buenos Aires and the Hof- und Staatshandbuch lists consuls, so an Austro-Hungarian honorary consulship held by a Lerena in the River Plate would show. It would NOT show Pablo Armando's own claimed consulship, which was Argentine and at the Cape.
A METHOD UNLOCK AND A MEASURED LIMIT. This archive had assumed since its first week that the Rosario registers must be read by assembling DeepZoom tiles. THE CONFIRMATIONS FILM - DGS 4531018, the one that covers Pablo Armando - IS FULLY TRANSCRIBED IN FULL TEXT: about 4,000 characters an image, every entry giving "NAME de N anos hijo legitimo de FATHER y MOTHER" plus a godparent. It can be read one request at a time. The DEATHS film, DGS 4531019, is NOT transcribed and covers only 1731-1864, so it cannot hold anyone this archive is chasing. AND A HARD LIMIT: unquoted terms are OR'd, not AND'd - "Lerena Rosario difunto" returns 17,782,105 documents - so full text accepts exactly ONE quoted phrase and narrowing must be done by choosing a rarer phrase, never by adding words. The place facet is a trap: f.recordPlace on a full-text query returns a confident ZERO with "No filters available" against every heading. The third false-null caught on this service in one day.
THIS ARCHIVE HAD READ ONE OF FIVE. All seventeen Rosario films it holds belong to catalogue 208788, NUESTRA SENORA DEL ROSARIO - the index sweeps of 1731-1901, the three-year baptism sweep and the confirmations are all one parish. The collection also films INMACULADA CONCEPCION (from 1899), SAGRADO CORAZON DE JESUS (1896), SAN JOSE (1899) and SANTA ROSA DE LIMA (1888). THE FINDING CUTS BOTH WAYS. It STRENGTHENS the baptism null: four of the five have no register reaching February 1882, so the Catedral was the only parish in Rosario that could hold his baptism, and reading its index end to end was the right thing to have done. But it OPENS a real new source: SANTA ROSA DE LIMA, CONFIRMACIONES 1890-1897, DGS 004581639, 141 images, transcribed in full text and never opened here - rounds in July 1890, Sept-Oct 1891 and May 1897 under Bishop JUAN CAGLIERO, when Pablo Armando was eight, nine and fifteen. The register's own index page carries the words "PAGES MISSING", which must qualify any null taken from it.
THE FORUM SEARCH IS LOGIN-ONLY ("You are not allowed to search for posts in this forum"), and this archive's assistant does not create accounts - a limit on the method, not a finding. THE SURNAME INTERESTS TABLE IS PUBLIC, and it is the better door: it registers which members research which surnames in which counties. LERENA: ZERO ENTRIES - nobody on RootsChat is working on this surname, a clean null against a control of 603 TAYLORs. Consistent with WikiTree holding no Lerena profile: this family has no British research community at all. BUT FIVE LIVE CONTACTS OVERLAP THE TAYLOR SIDE: "Welsh Jen" on TAYLOR of BIDEFORD DEVON - the exact registration district; "Muddy Waters" on DALLING of Swimbridge/Landkey/Barnstaple, north Devon - and FamilySearch carries a WILLIE DALLING marrying a SUSIE TAYLOR at Swimbridge in 1905, a second Dalling-Taylor marriage; "Burnell" on BRAYLEY in Somerset and Devon; "kingsgate" on NORRISH in Devon; "natcole" and "Jean.Y" on SWEET at Plymouth. Messaging any of them needs an account and two forum posts, which is David's to do.
IT NAMES WHERE THE 1791 ACT IS. For Canelones: "3.- CANELONES. Catedral de nuestra Senora de Guadalupe. Baut. y Matr. desde 1775; def. desde 1776. Existen algunas informaciones matrimoniales desde 1776." So the marriage books start sixteen years before the wedding, and the informaciones matrimoniales run from 1776 - the same series in which Sancho has already been found giving sworn evidence at somebody else's marriage. This retires the archive's own verdict that the act is "probably not digitised": that verdict was about FULL TEXT, which covers a fraction of what is filmed, and was never about the document. Note: the site's HTTPS certificate has expired; it answers over plain http.
TESTED AND IT HOLDS NOTHING ON THIS FAMILY, and the null is controlled. Every family name returns ZERO - Robert Paul Lerena, Pablo Lerena, Juan Carlos Lerena, Nuno, Roque. THE CONTROL SHOWS THE CORPUS COULD HAVE CARRIED HIM: Australian papers covered South African racing heavily, 11,500 hits from the 1890s on, which is the world Pablo Armando worked in. AND THE APPARENT HITS ARE A TRAP: Trove treats a whole FAMILY NOTICES COLUMN as one article, so 'Brayley Bideford' matched two terms set in the same column of type and nothing more. See data/trove-assessment.tsv. THE KEY IS NOT STORED IN THIS REPOSITORY, WHICH IS PUBLIC.
THE GRANADA ACT, FOUND - and it collapses Geneanet's fifty-year span to a single day. Index entry ark 1:1:C9WG-BGW2: SANCHO DE LERENA Y ARMENTA, born CORDOBA, son of SANCHO DE LERENA Y VELASCO and MARIA ANTONIA DE ARMENTA Y GUEBARA, married ANA MARIA DE AGUILAR of LA MALA, daughter of FRANCISCO DE AGUILAR and BEATRIS FRANCO, at SANTA ANA, GRANADA on 17 NOVEMBER 1754. A second index entry for the same event sits in the Granada Pre-Marriage Investigation Files (ark 1:1:XPG2-RYP). BOTH ARE MARKED "IMAGE UNAVAILABLE" - the act itself is still unread. It also closes a tension this archive had open: the trees said CORDOBA, the marriage index said GRANADA, the census said ANDALUZIA. He was BORN at Cordoba and MARRIED at Granada, and all three were right. THE FULL TEXT THEN CARRIED IT FURTHER. "Lerena y Armenta" returns 55 hits - Madrid notarial records 1766 to 1808, so the groom became a vecino of MADRID; and Cordoba nobility records, where a testament of 14 June 1751 is witnessed by DON ANTONIO DE LERENA Y ARMENTA, a brother. AND THE LOAD-BEARING FIND: a Madrid notarial act of 27 March 1790 (ark 3:1:3Q9M-CS2C-N7RV) is signed, in the signature position between the witnesses and the notary, by JUAN DE LERENA Y AGUILAR - one man bearing the compound. So "Lerena y Aguilar" is a name real people bore, in that family and that generation. A FALSE FRIEND WAS CAUGHT IN THE SAME SWEEP: the one MONTEVIDEO hit for that phrase reads "padrinos MAURICIO LERENA Y PETRONA AGUILAR" - two godparents, "y" meaning "and". NOTHING HERE JOINS ANY OF THESE PEOPLE TO THE URUGUAYAN SANCHO OF 1767. A controlled search for children of the couple in Spain returned a genuine null against a control of 12. And the one search that would have settled it - the exact phrase "Sancho de Lerena y Aguilar" - rendered "(0)" with no "No Results Found" line and no control, and the next request returned "Access Denied - Error 15". THAT ZERO IS NOT RECORDED AS A NULL, and re-running it with a control is the first job when the block lifts.
THE LERENAS OF CANELONES ENTER THE NATIONAL HISTORY ONCE, IN 1817, AND IT IS NOT A CREDIT. The jfina tree cited Bauza III p.285 for the Lerenas as "persona de confianza del Baron de la Laguna... para vigilar la seguridad y tranquilidad". The tree quotes Lecor's euphemism and stops where Bauza's judgement begins. The Bando of 15 February 1817 outlawed resisting Orientals "ellos, sus familias y sus propiedades", with detachments to burn their farms and put their families aboard the fleet; "personas de confianza" were to identify them. Bauza then writes: "Doloroso es manifestar que las mencionadas personas de confianza, fueron los hermanos Alonso de Minas, LOS LLERENA DE CANELONES, ... quienes al frente de grupos cuya totalidad sumaba mas de 400 hombres, se transformaron en azote de los vecindarios de Toledo, Manga y Piedras, haciendo impunemente con ellos, lo que era castigado como un crimen en los patriotas." Bauza names a FAMILY, in the plural, with no forenames - so no individual in this register is placed at those events; but this archive's Llerena were at Canelones in exactly that generation, Sancho aged 50 and three sons grown. Thirty years before the Oribe material this archive already holds, and on the other side of the national story. The same volume has a D. JOSE PEREIRA LERENA serving in Rondeau's PATRIOT army - a different compound surname, recorded so nobody attaches the wrong man in either direction. Tomes I and II hold no Lerena at all - a controlled null, the word Montevideo returning 108 and 503 hits in the same files.
So that any claim on this site can be checked, and any search repeated, without guessing where it was made.
| Film | What it is | Used for |
|---|---|---|
| DGS 4530325 | Índice de bautismos, Nuestra Señora del Rosario, 1879–1900 | The three-year sweep: every letter, 1881–83 |
| DGS 4531041 | Matrimonios 1884–1891 (Libro 9 onward) | All of 1884 read act by act |
| DGS 4531040 | Matrimonios 1868–1884 (Libro 8) | Answered from the search index, with a control |
| DGS 4531036 | Índice de matrimonios 1731–1761, 1860–1921 | Where the Lavena candidate came from |
| Film 004331984 | Rosario, Censo Nacional 1869 | Bartolomé Llerena, image 86 |
| Collection | What it settled |
|---|---|
| Argentina, Santa Fe, Catholic Church Records, 1634–2003 | No Lerena marriage at Rosario 1868–1891; the first Lerenas in the city, at Santa Rosa de Lima, 1903 and 1918 |
| Argentina, National Census, 1869 and 1895 | Bartolomé Llerena in Rosario in 1869; no Lerena in Santa Fe in 1895 |
| Argentina, Baptisms, 1645–1930 | Two Lerena baptisms in the whole indexed country |
| Uruguay, Civil Registration 1879–2020 · Catholic Church Records 1726–2000 · Baptisms 1750–1900 | The Trinidad, Montevideo and Colonia kindreds — and no Pablo Armando in any of them |
| Argentina, Entre Ríos, Civil Registration, 1833–1965 | The four-generation Larena family at Gualeguaychú |
| Spain, Baptisms 1502–1940 · Catholic Church Records 1307–2005 · provincial municipal registers | No Pablo Lerena born 1882; no Armando Lerena, ever |
| Source | What it gave |
|---|---|
| CEMLA — immigrant arrivals at Buenos Aires | Earliest Lerena arrival 1905, so his parents cannot be in it; Gilberto Lerena, 1928 |
| findmypast — TNA BT26/BT27, censuses, British newspapers | Mary Septima’s 1909 and 1935 voyages; her father the cavalry sergeant; her 1901 pupil-teacher notice |
| ancestors.co.za — SA deceased estates | Death years for five of the family |
| NAAIRS — South African national archives | The 1950 estate, the Koeberg Road stables, the divorces |
| Forebears | 2,124 bearers worldwide; Uruguay the densest |
| Archive | Asked for | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Archivo General del Ejército, Buenos Aires
age@ejercito.mil.ar | His libreta de enrolamiento — which names a man’s parents | Sent 8 Sep 2026 |
| Archivo
Histórico de Cancillería archivo@cancilleria.gob.ar | The 1940 passport file and the Cape Town matrícula consular | Sent 9 Sep 2026 |
| International Institute of Social History,
Amsterdam ask@iisg.nl | The Argentine anarchist press and Ley 4144 deportations, 1902–06 | Sent 9 Sep 2026 |
| Archivo General de la Nación | Ley 4144 expulsion files | Written, not sent — no public email; the portal needs a registered account |
Every archive address above was verified from the institution’s own published contact page before anything was sent. Where none is published, none has been invented.
Recorded 13 September 2026, because it decides which sweeps have to be done by eye.
FamilySearch’s full-text search reads handwriting across images that were never name-indexed. It is the difference between a search and an afternoon of reading — so what it covers is a research fact in its own right.
A null from full text is weaker than a null from reading: the handwriting recognition is good, not perfect, and a name it misreads is a name it cannot return. Every negative from it is recorded as what it is.